Wood-coating composition.



tmvwosmmvs, COATING R PLASTIC.

UNITED TATE PATENT OFFICE.

CARLETON ELLIS, OIE LARCI-IMONT, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO COPPER OIL PRODUCTS COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

WOOD-COATING- COMPOSITION.

1,005,623. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Oct, 1911 No Drawing. Application filed May 7, 1909. Serial No. 494,701.

To all whom it may concern: linseed oil and kerosene mixtures containing Be it known that I, CARLETON ELLIS, citino preservative agent. The present inven- 60 zen of the United States, residing at Larchtion involves the use of an oil-soluble premont, in the county of VVestchester and State servative body, preferably a metallo-organic 5 of New York, have invented certain new and compound such as-copper oleate.

useful Improvements in ood-Coating Com- While various metallic compounds may be position, of which the followlng 1s a spec1fiused in the present composition including cation. those of lead, tin, arsenlc, mm and the like,

This invention relates to shingle stains I prefer to employ copper compounds owing 10 and relates particularly to shingle stain com to the remarkable fungicidal and bacteripositions carrying oil-soluble metallic comcidal properties of copper. While creosote pounds or metallo-organic compounds such is an excellent bactericide, it has only feeble as copper oleate in solution in oils having properties as a fungicide, and inasmuch as siccative properties. shingles are often attacked by the fungus 15 I-Ieretofore it has been the custom to make known as dry rot, it becomes necessary in use of creosote to a large extent in the manupreparing a shingle stain composition of facture of shingle stains often in conjuncextreme permanency and durability to emtion with sufficient linseed oil to give ploy a body having pronounced fungicidal the composition drying properties. A good properties. In this respect, copper stands 20 many difiiculties have arisen in connection preeminent. It does all that creosote will with the practical application \of such a do, as a preservative, and more, as it is shingle stain. The action of creosote or specific against the attack of dry rot fungus. similar carbolic acid material on many pig- Vii-h such copper compounds, by the joint ments is pronounced and after the wood has use of mineral oils and drying oils, a com- 25 been impregnated with creosote, it is difiiposition may be made which is practically cult to so apply a coat of ordinary paint as odorless and which dries in a day. It may to secure satisfactory adherence. The creobe made so penetrative that the surface fibers sote frequently acts upon the paint vehicle and even those well below the surface of the causing the coating to peel. Then of course shingle, are thoroughly protected against in- 30 the odor of creosote is disagreeable to many. fluences of decay. The copper compound In localities where a great deal of construchas the advantage also of rendering the mation work is under way and creosote is being terial rather more water-proof than the creoemployed from time to time for staining sote mixtures so that the shingles are less purposes, its unpleasant odor continually affected by moisture. Owing to the possi- 35 pervades the air. Under certain conditions bility of making compounds of entirely neucreosote has been found to exert a tendering tral character from this material, the obor weakening action on wood fiber. To overjections raised against creosote that it is a come the difficulties experienced with creocorrosive acid and injures the hands and sote, it has been proposed to make use of clothing of the workmen do not here obtain. 40 mixtures of kerosene oil and linseed oil, but The composition is without corrosive action without any preservative agent, and of course and not unpleasant to use, and furthermore such mixtures are useful only if temporary requires no special skill in its application. effects are required. A formula illustrative of my invention 35 It is the object of the present invention to consists of linseed oil 2 quarts, light mineral 45 make use of an oil composition which is oil 1 gallon, kerosene oil 1% quarts, Japan neutral and free from creosote or other drier quart, copper oleate 6 ozs. and pigharmful or objectionable material and at the ment 8 ozs. same time not open to the objections of the A cheaper composition may be made from spindle oils are the most satisfactory in this linseed oil, 2 quarts, light mineral oil 1-} gallons, light kerosene oil 2 quarts, Japan drier quart, copper oleate 6' ozs., using about 12 ozs. pigment or sufficient to give the requisite tint.

If it be desired to have a compound of high flash point, the kerosene may be replaced by light mineral oil as in the follow ing formula; linseed oil 2 quarts, light mineral oil of a specific gravity .865 1% gallons, manganese resinate 2 02s., copper oleate 4: 02s., and sufficient pigment to supply the requisite shade of color.

In using kerosene oil I prefer to employ a grade having a flash point of about 120 and a fire point of about 150 F. Ordinary Japan drier may be used, such as a solution of resinate of manganese or lead, etc., in turpentine. Mineral oil offers a cheap and convenient carrier for the copper compound and the lighter mineral oils such as respect although I have employed heavier mineral oils such as 25 paraffin oil with satisfactory results. Of the drying oils, linseed oil is the most satisfactory owing to its permanency and because of the readiness with which it dissolves the copper compound in the presence of mineral oil. Of course other drying oils may be used to a more or less degree and also semi-drying oils such as corn, cotton seed and rosin oil.

The copper oleate has the distinct advantage over copper resinate, copper carbolate and similar copper compounds of being remarkably soluble in mineral and linseed oil mixtures. It is not an easy matter to incorporate resinate of copper or carbolate of copper in such mixtures to a degree sufficient to secure satisfactory protective qualities, and I have found that through the use of copper oleate, results may be secured which are entirely satisfactory. The copper oleate unlike the resinate is not affected by the changes in temperature nor is it infiuenced to any great extent by the presence of other metallo-organic bodies or by driers, etc. It is readily made, a satisfactory stock being obtained, for example, by heating copper carbonate or hydrate with commercial oleic acid (known as red oil) to a temperature of 140 to 150 C. The resulting melt when cold is of a soft waxy consistency and dissolves with the utmost ease in the oils above mentioned, producing a compound which is extremely active and efficient as the copper is actually in solution, and every portion of the oil is therefore highly effective. The case is different where solid and oil-insoluble copper compounds are ground in oil mixtures as in the manufacture of antifouling paints and the like, for the oilinsoluble copper compounds remain entirely on the surface of the Wood and do not penetrate into the fibers to any appreciable extent. Therefore, although the copper in this solid and oil-insoluble form may temporarily exert some protective influence, eventually it chips and flakes away leaving the wood bare and without preservative. On the other hand, with the solution of copper oleate, the wood fibers are impregnated for a considerable distance below the surface with the copper compound, and even though the superficial layer of the pigment become removed in the course of time by weathering and erosion, the wood is still protected by the soluble copper compound which originally penetrated into the fibers of the wood below the surface. It will be evident that the above mixtures of linseed oil, mineral oil and copper oleate are free from ofiensive odor and in fact such slight linseed or mineral oil odor as the composition may possess, quickly disappears on exposure of the wood.

A great variety of pigments may be employed in coloring the aforesaid oil to the desired shade, as for example, raw or burnt umber for brown, Indian red, mineral red and the like for red shades, Brunswick green or chrome green or mineral green for green tones, ocher, Indian yellow, chrome yellow and the like for yellow, shades, and Prussian blue, lampblack, etc., for blue and black tones. Only a few ozs. of pigment are required per gallon of the composition to give the requisite intensity.

The pigment should be very finely ground and I prefer to mix the pigments with mineral oil instead of linseed oil for the purpose of grinding, passing them through a roll grinder several times in order'to reduce the particles of the pigment to the finest possible degree of subdivision so as to permit of the pigment being suspended in the solution for a long period of time after agitation in order that frequent mixing of the composition may not be required during its application. A peculiar and artistic effect may be obtained by the addition of small quantities of neutral powders such as aluminum or copper bronze powders.

In order to get a fire proof composition, I may chlorinate various aromatic oils or compounds such as the light hydrocarbon from coal tar or naphthalene and the like, some of which afford substantially fixed oils of such a degree of chlorination, that they are practically non-inflammable. Such a composition when applied to a shingled roof has a distinct advantage in the case of fire in an adjacent building; for sparks lodging on the roof of a building coated with ordinary shingle stain'sometimes quickly start fires. With the chlorinated oil as the basis, little danger is ,to be apprehended from this source.

Having described my invention to the details of Which I do not Wish to limit myself, What I claim is 1. A shingle stain composition comprising copper oleate, a drying oil and a chlorinated compound of naphthalene.

2. A Wood coating composition, compristunu ing copper oleate, a drying oil, and a substantially fixed chlorinated compound of naphthalene.

In testimony whereof I have aflixed my signature in presence of tWo Witnesses.

GARLETON ELLIS.

Witnesses:

NATHANIEL L. FOSTER, JAMES D. REMSEN.

Copies oi this patent may be obtained fonfive cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. G. 

